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Linking Words

kelmat r’rabt — katgle3 jomla m3a jomla

3lach had dars?

Kat3tik no9ta f language w f writing. Ashal 7aja f l’exam.

  1. 9A3IDA — 7FED GHI HADI
  • Ta3arid (contrast): but / however / although + jomla / despite + ism-ING / on the other hand
  • Ziyada: and, moreover, in addition, besides, also, furthermore
  • Sabab: because + jomla | because of + ism | since, as
  • Natija: so, therefore, as a result, consequently, thus
  • Hadaf: to + V | in order to + V | so as to + V | so that + jomla
  • Tartib: first, then, after that, finally, in conclusion, to sum up
  • L’far9: although + subject (li kaydir l’fi3l)+verb (l’fi3l) || despite / in spite of + noun (ism / smiya)/ING
  1. MITAL — CHOUF KIFACH KAYTKTEB Although he was tired, he worked. Despite the rain, we went out. He was ill, therefore he stayed home. He studied hard so that he could pass.

⚠ 3ANDAK! despite bla ‘of’ ! ‘Despite of’ ghalet. Kteb ‘in spite of’ wla ‘despite’.

  1. TAMARINE — 7ELL B 9LEM
1. ____ he was poor, he was happy. (although/despite)10. She worked hard ____ that she could buy a car.
2. ____ the bad weather, they played. (although/despite)11. ____ spite of his age, he runs fast.
3. He was late ____ the traffic. (because/because of)12. It rained; ____ a result, the match was cancelled.
4. She was ill, ____ she didn’t come. (so/but)13. First… Then… ____ (finally/because).
5. I study hard ____ pass the exam. (to/for)14. I like tea ____ I don’t like coffee. (but/so)
6. He is rich; ____, he isn’t happy. (however/because)15. ____ being tired, she continued. (despite/although)
7. ____ addition, prices are high. (in/on)16. He speaks English ____ French. (and/but)
8. He failed ____ he didn’t work. (because/because of)17. He didn’t study; ____ he failed. (therefore/although)
9. ____ sum up, education is important. (to/for)18. ____ order to succeed, you must work.

Before you leave this lesson

  1. Explain the main rule in your own words.
  2. Redo the examples without looking at the correction.
  3. Write one new example using the same pattern.
  4. Move to the previous or next lesson and connect the two rules.
Want the full English Ta3 Lbac on paper? Chri English Ta3 Lbac matbou3 (A5 / A7)